Formal criminal action
A procedural act bringing a criminal action before the competent court in the legally required form.
What to bear in mind
It differs from reporting an offence and generally requires a lawyer and court representative. Admission does not establish that the allegations are true.
Preparing for your consultation
Keep summonses, complaints and court orders, note notification dates and obtain advice before giving a statement or missing a deadline. Preserve original documents.
Legal source
Criminal Procedure Act, article 270 · BOE (opens in a new tab)
Related content
General information on Spanish law. Application depends on the facts, current legislation and, where relevant, regional civil law or international rules. Reviewed: 26 October 2026.